REST API: Optimize rest_filter_response_by_context performance.

In [47758] a new function `rest_filter_response_by_context` was introduced to expand the JSON schema features supported by the context filtering mechanism.

This commit improves the performance of that function by eliminating repetitive comparisons and loops. Additionally, it improves multi-type support for object + array types.

Fixes #50700.
Props dlh.

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git-svn-id: https://core.svn.wordpress.org/trunk@48317 1a063a9b-81f0-0310-95a4-ce76da25c4cd