Login and Registration: Pass `$user_data` parameter to the `lostpassword_post`...

Login and Registration: Pass `$user_data` parameter to the `lostpassword_post` action in `retrieve_password()`.

Props wpgurudev, pagewidth, lukecavanagh, johnbillion, kkarpieszuk.
Fixes #38334.
Built from https://develop.svn.wordpress.org/trunk@46749


git-svn-id: https://core.svn.wordpress.org/trunk@46549 1a063a9b-81f0-0310-95a4-ce76da25c4cd